Ekuqaleni, ii-LED zazisetyenziswa njengezibane zesalathisi kwizixhobo kunye neemitha. Kamva, ii-LED zemibala eyahlukeneyo zazisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizibane zendlela kunye-nemiboniso emikhulu yendawo, ivelisa inzuzo ebalulekileyo kwezoqoqosho nezentlalo. Umzekelo, i-12-intshi yerobhothi ebomvu e-United States ekuqaleni ibisebenzisa iglowubhu ye-incandescent eyi-140-watt esebenza ngokuphantsi, ivelisa 2000 lumens yokukhanya okumhlophe. Emva kokudlula kwisihluzi esibomvu, i-90% yokukhanya yalahleka, ishiya kuphela i-200 lumens yokukhanya okubomvu. Ekukhanyeni kwayo okusandul 'ukuyilwa, kusetyenziswe ii-LED ezibomvu ze-18, zidla kuphela ii-watts ze-14 kuquka ilahleko yesiphaluka, ukuvelisa ukusebenza okukhanyayo okufanayo.
Izibane zezibonakaliso zemoto enye indawo ebalulekileyo yesicelo kwimithombo yokukhanya ye-LED. Ngo-1987, ilizwe lam laqala ukufaka{2} izibane ezixhonywe phezulu zokuqhobosha ezimotweni. Ngenxa yesantya sokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kwee-LEDs (inqanaba le-nanosecond), abaqhubi bezithuthi ezilandelayo banokwaziswa ngeemeko zokuqhuba kwangaphambili, ukunciphisa ukungqubana{4}}kwangasemva.
Ukongeza, izibane ze-LED zisetyenziswa kwimiboniso yangaphandle ebomvu, eluhlaza, nebhlowu egcweleyo-enemibala, ikhonkco{1}}izibane ezincinci zesimbo, kunye nezinye iindawo.
Ii-LED ezimhlophe: Ukukhanyisa ngokubanzi, imithombo yokukhanya emhlophe inqweneleka ngakumbi. Ii-LED ezimhlophe zaphuhliswa ngempumelelo kwi-1998. Ezi LED zenziwe ngokufaka i-chip ye-GaN kunye ne-yttrium aluminium garnet (YAG) kunye.
Itshiphu yeGaN ikhupha ukukhanya okuluhlaza (λp=465nm, Wd=30nm). I-Ce3+-iqulethe i-YAG phosphor, ifakwe kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu, ikhupha ukukhanya okutyheli xa imincile kolu kukhanya okwesibhakabhaka, kunye nencopho yobude be-550nm. I-substrate ye-LED eluhlaza ifakwe kwisitya{6} esimile esibonakalayo kwaye sigqunywe ngomaleko obhityileyo we-resin exutywe ne-YAG, malunga ne-200-500nm ubukhulu. Inxalenye yokukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ekhutshwe yi-substrate ye-LED itsalwa yi-phosphor, ngelixa ukukhanya okuluhlaza okuseleyo kuxutywa kunye nokukhanya okutyheli okukhutshwa yi-phosphor ukuvelisa ukukhanya okumhlophe. Kwii-LED ezimhlophe ze-InGaN/YAG, ngokuguqula ukwakheka kweekhemikhali ze-YAG phosphor kunye nokulungelelanisa ubukhulu bomaleko we-phosphor, imibala eyahlukeneyo yokukhanya okumhlophe kunye nobushushu bombala ukusuka kwi-3500-10000K inokufumaneka.
Itheyibhile yoku-1 idwelisa iindidi zee-LED ezimhlophe ezikhoyo ngoku kunye -nokukhanya kwazo imigaqo. Itheyibhile ikwabonisa ukuba iintlobo ezithile zemithombo yokukhanya ye-LED emhlophe ixhomekeke kwiiphosphors ezine: imibala emithathu ephambili-enqabileyo{4}}ibomvu yomhlaba, eluhlaza, kunye neblue phosphors{5}}kunye nephosphor emthubi enesakhiwo segarnet. Ii-LED{7} zobude obuthathu, zisebenzisa i-inorganic ultraviolet chips ezine-RGB phosphors zokufaka ii-LED ezimhlophe, kulindeleke ukuba zibe nethuba lokuthengisa. Nangona kunjalo, ubungakanani bamasuntswana kunye neemfuno zokuzinza kwezi zintathu zemibala ephambili zincinci, kwaye izicelo zabo ezithile zisaphantsi kophononongo.
Okwangoku, imveliso yokuqala efumanekayo kurhwebo yiblue single -chip ye-LED ene-YAG emthubi phosphor, ifezekisa ukusebenza kakuhle okukhanyayo malunga ne-25 lumens/watt. I-YAG ubukhulu becala ithengwa kumazwe angaphandle i-Nichia Corporation yaseJapan, ixabisa malunga ne-2000 yuan/kg. Uhlobo lwesibini zii-LED ezimhlophe eziphuhliswe yi-Sumitomo Electric Industries yaseJapan isebenzisa i-ZnSe njengezinto eziphathekayo, kodwa ngokusebenza okuphantsi kokukhanya.
